Corporate Philanthropy Financial Contribution

Question: Examine about theCorporate Philanthropy for Financial Contribution. Answer: Presentation Corporate altruism incorporates money related commitment and representative chipping in for the improvement of network (Tilcsik and Marquis 2013). The investigation will depict the capacity and contemporary scene of corporate charity. Aside from that, the investigation will likewise efficiently address corporate charity and give instances of current corporate magnanimity models. Different researcher discusses encompassing the adequacy of this term will likewise be talked about in this examination. Different instances of corporate generosity practice will be talked about through different organization models. Conversation As indicated by Bartkus and Morris (2015), corporate magnanimity is the beneficent gift of assets and benefits of a partnership to a non-benefit association. The capacity of corporate magnanimity is comprised of gift of money yet Morris et al. (2013) included that it can likewise incorporate the usage of offices and volunteer of time offered by workers of association. Gift can be legitimately taken care of by the partnership or by roundabout establishment made by the association. It is the demonstration of elevating government assistance to others through altruistic gift of time and assets. Then again, Tilcsik and Marquis (2013) gave an alternate view that corporate Philanthropy is the method of accomplishing social effect through liberal and vital usage of assets, offices, worker time and items or administration for helping network and supporting useful motivations. It advances love for mankind, regular great and improves the personal satisfaction everything being equal. The sorts of corporate generosity container of two kinds in particular coordinating blessing projects and Volunteer projects. As indicated by Muller, Pfarrer and Little (2014), in coordinating blessing programs, partnerships coordinate the gifts made by the workers to the entitled non-benefit association. It relies upon the arrangements of companies. Representatives and bosses both give in a specific proportion to raise support money towards magnanimous projects. Then again, Masulis and Reza (2014) called attention to that in volunteer projects, partnership may not give cash immediately to the association, as they elevate volunteerism of workers to the network in which they exist. Companies give financial awards to the network, where representatives volunteer in normal premise. Gautier and Pache (2015) gave the view that contemporary scene of corporate altruism lies in supporting the networks and encompassing markets. Benefits earned by the partnership are conveyed to the network it dwells for expanding its picture and expanding its probability to make sure about future progression of reserve. The generosity that partnership acquires by corporate charity unquestionably expands the clients intrigue and notoriety. It is the more noteworthy degree towards business morals through helping network towards its turn of events. Backing for network can fortify the nearby monetary of the company, which can additionally be used in the business activity. Then again, Cuypers, Koh and Wang (2015) portrayed the interior accomplishments of an association through corporate charity. In this serious world, corporate altruism can build deals volume of association is it is related with marking methodologies. The positive picture made by corporate charity can make upper hand for companies. Chipping in time in corporate charity expands the work for the association, which can be accessible in different ways. It likewise builds worker assurance when the representatives see that their managers are intrigued to contribute for the improvement of society. Representatives can likewise get took care of time for chipping in the foundation of in the general public. It builds the estimation of the representatives. The contemporary scene of corporate magnanimity can likewise be alluded by explicit help offered by partnership. It brings about cleaner network, expanding open doors for society individuals and boosting neighborhood economy. Raub (2016) gave the view that corporate magnanimity must be engaged by a wide range of associations, as it helps in accomplishing positive picture on the general public. Then again, Szocs et al. (2016) called attention to that in this serious world, worldwide associations are prospering quickly and henceforth worker commitment of such associations is considerably more in contrast with little scope organizations. As opined by Lee et al. (2014), little scope organizations may not end up being quickly developing, however they can contribute in the general public as a gathering. For example, in the event that vertically arranged associations all things considered raise finance, at that point the sum might be no not exactly a MNC. This will eventually help in purcha ser fascination. Kabongo, Chang and Li (2013) have repudiated this as corporate generosity is believed to crash the real objectives of an association. The essential objectives accomplishment might be affected by wrecked morals through corporate magnanimity. Walker and Kent (2013) called attention to that through corporate altruism showcase improvement by notoriety is profoundly accomplished as it expands the buyers intrigue and introduction of companys feeling. While, Bartkus and Morris (2015) have negated this, as corporate charity is suspected to put uncontrolled capital administration and even there is no assurance that the purchasers will emphatically respond to any business offer. In this manner, there is a hazard for the association. Muller et al. (2014) called attention to that organizations that follow corporate magnanimity, gets the help of encompassing markets and networks. Along these lines, organizations will have the option to get economical and settle their future income streams. Nearby monetary achievement can be accomplished however such exercises. Then again, Raub (2016) negated that frequently associations neglect to comprehend where they have to center their corporate generosity. The organizations neglect to comprehend the measure of cash they have to contribute and accomplish the most out of that. Associations must be set up to go through cash, time and intensity of dynamic so that there is no immediate advantages. While contemplating the different perspectives on the creators, plainly corporate magnanimity has both positive and negative effects. Despite the fact that there are inconveniences, however the measure of advantage outstands its hindrances. It can likewise be said that impressive positive business streams just by corporate generosity can't be legitimately estimated. The considerable result is consistently the aggregate type of individual showcasing procedure, corporate social obligation and corporate generosity. At long last, it tends to be said that corporate generosity will bring about improving exposure in the general public yet the greatness will vary. Progressively number of associations needs to contribute in the general public through corporate charity. Corporate Philanthropy ought to be upheld more noteworthy number of company for the advancement of network. Tim Cook, the CEO of Apple presented the program of match representative gift. As indicated by Masulis and Reza (2014), the association coordinated over $25 million worth gift of workers, which at last came about $50 million worth foundations around the globe. In October 2014, the association chose to grow its magnanimous program for remembering all the nations for which it works. As of late, it has broadened its program from US-based non-benefit association to different associations on the planet. Then again, Gautier and Pache (2015) opined that the association likewise presented volunteer award program in which it gives $25 to the representatives of individual association. As per Raub (2016) Google has assorted giving choice in their corporate charity and has overall reach from New York to Germany, UK and some more. In the most recent year, in excess of 6500 representatives of Google chipped in 80000 hours administration and coordinated $21 million of worker gift for 9000 associations in everywhere throughout the world (Kabongo, Chang and Li 2013). With an intension to offer progressed mechanical help to Government, Google gives Code of America having yearly blessing around $3 million for creating metro innovative help. Tilcsik and Marquis (2013) opined that the association gave 5000 Raspberry Pi Computers for giving software engineering training to 25000 Japanese youngsters. As per Bartkus and Morris (2015), in coordinating blessing program, the workers of Microsoft gave $1 billion for altruistic associations. In 2014, the association gave innovative help to in excess of 86000 association 125 nations. The association offered innovative help as far as both programming and equipment. Then again, Masulis and Reza (2014) opined that the association began volunteer match program in 2005 in which the workers got $25 every hour for the non-benefit association for chipping in at any rate four hours. As per Cuypers, Koh and Wang (2015), PepsiCo has started PepsiCorps, which is volunteer coordinating project and places workers from India to Ghana to New Mexico for supporting with corporate giving activities. Then again, Raub (2016) opined that the volunteers of PepsiCo have helped with developing water purging pinnacle for the understudies and educators of a school in Southwest China. In 2009, the representatives of the association started Food for Good in which they served 1.6 million free sound suppers to offspring of downtown. End While finishing up the examination, it very well may be said that corporate generosity is the manner by which enterprise advances government assistance for others through altruistic gift of money or time. It is comprised of money gift however it additionally joins use of offices and volunteer of representatives time. In corporate altruism, enterprises offer money related awards and different offices for supporting the commun

What Is Night Eating Syndrome

What Is Night Eating Syndrome Eating Disorders Symptoms Print Night Eating Syndrome Signs, Symptoms, and Treatment of the Condition By Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, CEDS facebook twitter linkedin Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, is a certified eating disorders expert and clinical psychologist who provides cognitive behavioral psychotherapy. Learn about our editorial policy Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, CEDS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on June 25, 2018 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on October 21, 2019 Jill Giardino / Getty Images More in Eating Disorders Symptoms Treatment Diagnosis Awareness and Prevention In This Article Table of Contents Expand Definition Diagnosis Related Disorders Causes Behavioral Treatment Other Treatments View All Back To Top Do you stick closely to your diet during the day, but blow your diet at night? Maybe you’re never hungry in the morning and have your first meal in the afternoon. If you find yourself eating large quantities of food at nightâ€"even waking up from sleep to eatâ€"you may have a specific eating disorder, called night eating syndrome (NES). Definition People who have NES or are living with someone who has the condition may notice certain clues in the home. You may find messes in the kitchen or missing food, suggesting that someone has been awake and eating in the middle of the night. These are indications that someone in the home may have night eating syndrome. People with NES often eat because they believe that it will improve sleep or help them fall back asleep. People with NES often report mornings with neither appetite nor significant food intake. They commonly experience guilt and shame related to their eating. Diagnosis Night eating syndrome is currently classified as an Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder (OSFED) by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5). The criteria for NES are repeated episodes of eating at nightâ€"including waking from sleep to eat, excessive consumption of food after the evening meal, and awareness and recall of night eatingâ€"and significant distress or impairment related to the night eating. Additional proposed diagnostic criteria for NES also suggest that at least 25% of food intake be consumed after the evening meal, on average, for at least three months; and that nocturnal ingestions occur at least twice per week for three months. People with NES may binge eat (that is, eat a large amount of food in a short period of time while feeling out of control) or they may just graze. Nighttime Binges and Sleep Eating Individuals with NES seem to have a disruption to their circadian rhythm, the biological process that regulates sleeping and eating patterns according to the natural cycle of light and darkness. In humans, appetite and food consumption tend to correspond closely with the primary hours of wakefulness: meals are generally consumed between early morning and early evening. Individuals with NES retain a normal sleep cycle but display a delayed food intake pattern. One study showed that people who have NES consumed 56% of their calories between 8 p.m. and 6 a.m. People who didnt have NES only consumed 15% of their calories during this time. NES was first described in 1955 by psychiatrist Albert Stunkard, who saw it as a behavioral variation of obesity. As a result, it has most often been studied in the context of research on obesity. Compared to other eating disorders, NES has been scantly studied. It is estimated that 1.5% of the general population has NES. It is more common in certain populations, with prevalence rates of 6% to 14% among those who have lost weight and 9% to 42% among candidates for bariatric surgery. Assessment of NES can be made via the Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ) or the Night Eating Diagnostic Scale (NEDS), two self-report measures. There is also the Night Eating Syndrome History and Inventory (NESHI), a diagnostic interview. Related Disorders People can meet the criteria for NES and another eating disorder concurrently. Studies show that approximately 7% to 25% of people with NES also met criteria for binge-eating disorder. Research indicates that among those with bulimia nervosa, 40% of inpatients and 50% of outpatients reported night eating symptoms. In light of this, NES can be thought of as a specific variant of binge eating disorder or bulimia nervosa that presents a disrupted circadian pattern of eating and significant eating during the person’s sleeping hours. A similar, but different, disorder is sleep-related eating disorder (SRED). SRED is primarily a sleep disorder, while NES is primarily an eating disorder. The main difference is that people with SRED eat either while sleeping or while in a twilight state between sleep and wakefulness, and are not aware of what they are doing. They often wake up to find food in their bed and have no memory of having eaten. By contrast, people with NES are fully awake while they are eating and remember afterward.  In some studies, a high percentage of people with SRED  were using prescription  psychiatric medications, which may indicate that these medications  are relevant to the disorder.   Patients with NES often have depression and anxiety. They may also have a history of substance abuse. Drugs, Alcohol, and Abnormal Sleep Behaviors Causes The exact cause of NES is unknown. Some postulate that it involves a hormone imbalance that disrupts eating patterns. It also may develop in response to a pattern of staying up and eating late at night, as can be common among college students. Once one becomes set in this habit, it can be hard to break. NES may also be a response to dieting. When people reduce their food intake during the day and the body is in a state of physical deprivation, the drive to eat later in the day is a normal response to the restriction. Over time, the self-soothing pattern of eating at night can become ingrained. Behavioral Treatment Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is one of the most successful treatments for eating disorders.  While it has been successfully applied to NES, only one empirical study has been published. Psychological treatment for NES will typically include both psychoeducation about the condition and self-monitoring to understand the disorder and maintaining factors. It will involve a reduction of dieting behavior. Behavioral interventions common to other eating disorders include meal planning and structuring of regular eating. NES treatment adds a specific focus on shifting eating patterns to earlier in the day to align better with sleep and wake cycles. Breakfast is implemented in order to reset eating patterns. This is a necessary step to breaking the cycle, even though it can be challenging while the night eating is continuing and you have no appetite in the morning. It can be done gradually, with a slow increase of morning meal intake until an adequate breakfast can be consumed regularly. The conflict between sleep and eating patterns characteristic of NES encourages dysfunctional beliefs which can, in turn, reinforce behaviors. For example, a person with NES may feel unable to avoid food at night, be convinced they have to eat to fall asleep, and believe that evening anxiety can only be managed with food. These beliefs perpetuate the disorder, but they can be dispelled through cognitive restructuring and the use of behavioral experiments. When night eating episodes occur, behavioral chain analyses can be conducted to identify cognitive and behavioral interventions to reduce the behavior. After an episode of night eating, you would reconstruct when you first started thinking about wanting to eat and each step that was involved in getting to the food, choosing it, eating it, and then what happened. Thinking about where you could change the typical chain of events along the way and break the chain to produce a different outcome provides guidance for navigating future similar situations.   Breaking the pattern of night eating can be difficult and may require the use of psychological techniques such as making a list of reasons not to engage in the behavior (and reviewing it before bed) as well as installing physical barriers, such as blocking access to the kitchen at night. Sleep hygiene strategies used in the CBT treatment of insomnia, such as sticking to a consistent bedtime and morning awakening time, are also incorporated. How to Fix Your Sleep Hygiene Other Treatments Other treatments for NES include phototherapyâ€" light exposureâ€"similar to that used to treat seasonal affective disorder (SAD). Bright light therapy is believed to affect melatonin, a hormone which helps regulate circadian rhythms. In phototherapy for NES, patients are exposed to bright light in the morning. This treatment targets the circadian rhythm disruption by trying to reset the body clock using light. At this time, there is little formal research on the approach, although it has shown to be effective in two case studies. Psychiatric medication has been the most researched treatment for NES. Although there is little evidence in support for the use of psychiatric medication for the treatment of eating disorders overall, there is some support for doing so in the case of NES, where the circadian rhythm disruption suggests a larger biological component. Medications that have been studied and used include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) including paroxetine (Paxil), fluvoxamine  (Luvox), and sertraline (Zoloft). There are two books on Night Eating Syndrome, one for patients and one for professionals. These books may provide more insight into the condition if you or someone you know is struggling: Allison, K.C., A.J. Stunkard, and S. L. Tier. 2004.  ?Overcoming the night eating syndrome: A step-by-step guide to breaking the cycle  is a self-help guide for people with NES.Lundgren, J.D., K.C., Allison, A.J. Stunkard (Eds). 2012.  Night eating syndrome: Research, assessment, and treatment. New York, Guilford. This is a comprehensive overview of NES for professionals and includes a treatment manual.   A Word From Verywell If you are experiencing symptoms consistent with night eating syndrome, you may be feeling ashamed and reluctant to find treatment. Please don’t hesitate to seek help; eating disorder professionals can help you recover.   Treatment for Sleep Eating Disorders

What Is Night Eating Syndrome

What Is Night Eating Syndrome Eating Disorders Symptoms Print Night Eating Syndrome Signs, Symptoms, and Treatment of the Condition By Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, CEDS facebook twitter linkedin Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, is a certified eating disorders expert and clinical psychologist who provides cognitive behavioral psychotherapy. Learn about our editorial policy Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, CEDS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on June 25, 2018 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on October 21, 2019 Jill Giardino / Getty Images More in Eating Disorders Symptoms Treatment Diagnosis Awareness and Prevention In This Article Table of Contents Expand Definition Diagnosis Related Disorders Causes Behavioral Treatment Other Treatments View All Back To Top Do you stick closely to your diet during the day, but blow your diet at night? Maybe you’re never hungry in the morning and have your first meal in the afternoon. If you find yourself eating large quantities of food at nightâ€"even waking up from sleep to eatâ€"you may have a specific eating disorder, called night eating syndrome (NES). Definition People who have NES or are living with someone who has the condition may notice certain clues in the home. You may find messes in the kitchen or missing food, suggesting that someone has been awake and eating in the middle of the night. These are indications that someone in the home may have night eating syndrome. People with NES often eat because they believe that it will improve sleep or help them fall back asleep. People with NES often report mornings with neither appetite nor significant food intake. They commonly experience guilt and shame related to their eating. Diagnosis Night eating syndrome is currently classified as an Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder (OSFED) by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5). The criteria for NES are repeated episodes of eating at nightâ€"including waking from sleep to eat, excessive consumption of food after the evening meal, and awareness and recall of night eatingâ€"and significant distress or impairment related to the night eating. Additional proposed diagnostic criteria for NES also suggest that at least 25% of food intake be consumed after the evening meal, on average, for at least three months; and that nocturnal ingestions occur at least twice per week for three months. People with NES may binge eat (that is, eat a large amount of food in a short period of time while feeling out of control) or they may just graze. Nighttime Binges and Sleep Eating Individuals with NES seem to have a disruption to their circadian rhythm, the biological process that regulates sleeping and eating patterns according to the natural cycle of light and darkness. In humans, appetite and food consumption tend to correspond closely with the primary hours of wakefulness: meals are generally consumed between early morning and early evening. Individuals with NES retain a normal sleep cycle but display a delayed food intake pattern. One study showed that people who have NES consumed 56% of their calories between 8 p.m. and 6 a.m. People who didnt have NES only consumed 15% of their calories during this time. NES was first described in 1955 by psychiatrist Albert Stunkard, who saw it as a behavioral variation of obesity. As a result, it has most often been studied in the context of research on obesity. Compared to other eating disorders, NES has been scantly studied. It is estimated that 1.5% of the general population has NES. It is more common in certain populations, with prevalence rates of 6% to 14% among those who have lost weight and 9% to 42% among candidates for bariatric surgery. Assessment of NES can be made via the Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ) or the Night Eating Diagnostic Scale (NEDS), two self-report measures. There is also the Night Eating Syndrome History and Inventory (NESHI), a diagnostic interview. Related Disorders People can meet the criteria for NES and another eating disorder concurrently. Studies show that approximately 7% to 25% of people with NES also met criteria for binge-eating disorder. Research indicates that among those with bulimia nervosa, 40% of inpatients and 50% of outpatients reported night eating symptoms. In light of this, NES can be thought of as a specific variant of binge eating disorder or bulimia nervosa that presents a disrupted circadian pattern of eating and significant eating during the person’s sleeping hours. A similar, but different, disorder is sleep-related eating disorder (SRED). SRED is primarily a sleep disorder, while NES is primarily an eating disorder. The main difference is that people with SRED eat either while sleeping or while in a twilight state between sleep and wakefulness, and are not aware of what they are doing. They often wake up to find food in their bed and have no memory of having eaten. By contrast, people with NES are fully awake while they are eating and remember afterward.  In some studies, a high percentage of people with SRED  were using prescription  psychiatric medications, which may indicate that these medications  are relevant to the disorder.   Patients with NES often have depression and anxiety. They may also have a history of substance abuse. Drugs, Alcohol, and Abnormal Sleep Behaviors Causes The exact cause of NES is unknown. Some postulate that it involves a hormone imbalance that disrupts eating patterns. It also may develop in response to a pattern of staying up and eating late at night, as can be common among college students. Once one becomes set in this habit, it can be hard to break. NES may also be a response to dieting. When people reduce their food intake during the day and the body is in a state of physical deprivation, the drive to eat later in the day is a normal response to the restriction. Over time, the self-soothing pattern of eating at night can become ingrained. Behavioral Treatment Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is one of the most successful treatments for eating disorders.  While it has been successfully applied to NES, only one empirical study has been published. Psychological treatment for NES will typically include both psychoeducation about the condition and self-monitoring to understand the disorder and maintaining factors. It will involve a reduction of dieting behavior. Behavioral interventions common to other eating disorders include meal planning and structuring of regular eating. NES treatment adds a specific focus on shifting eating patterns to earlier in the day to align better with sleep and wake cycles. Breakfast is implemented in order to reset eating patterns. This is a necessary step to breaking the cycle, even though it can be challenging while the night eating is continuing and you have no appetite in the morning. It can be done gradually, with a slow increase of morning meal intake until an adequate breakfast can be consumed regularly. The conflict between sleep and eating patterns characteristic of NES encourages dysfunctional beliefs which can, in turn, reinforce behaviors. For example, a person with NES may feel unable to avoid food at night, be convinced they have to eat to fall asleep, and believe that evening anxiety can only be managed with food. These beliefs perpetuate the disorder, but they can be dispelled through cognitive restructuring and the use of behavioral experiments. When night eating episodes occur, behavioral chain analyses can be conducted to identify cognitive and behavioral interventions to reduce the behavior. After an episode of night eating, you would reconstruct when you first started thinking about wanting to eat and each step that was involved in getting to the food, choosing it, eating it, and then what happened. Thinking about where you could change the typical chain of events along the way and break the chain to produce a different outcome provides guidance for navigating future similar situations.   Breaking the pattern of night eating can be difficult and may require the use of psychological techniques such as making a list of reasons not to engage in the behavior (and reviewing it before bed) as well as installing physical barriers, such as blocking access to the kitchen at night. Sleep hygiene strategies used in the CBT treatment of insomnia, such as sticking to a consistent bedtime and morning awakening time, are also incorporated. How to Fix Your Sleep Hygiene Other Treatments Other treatments for NES include phototherapyâ€" light exposureâ€"similar to that used to treat seasonal affective disorder (SAD). Bright light therapy is believed to affect melatonin, a hormone which helps regulate circadian rhythms. In phototherapy for NES, patients are exposed to bright light in the morning. This treatment targets the circadian rhythm disruption by trying to reset the body clock using light. At this time, there is little formal research on the approach, although it has shown to be effective in two case studies. Psychiatric medication has been the most researched treatment for NES. Although there is little evidence in support for the use of psychiatric medication for the treatment of eating disorders overall, there is some support for doing so in the case of NES, where the circadian rhythm disruption suggests a larger biological component. Medications that have been studied and used include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) including paroxetine (Paxil), fluvoxamine  (Luvox), and sertraline (Zoloft). There are two books on Night Eating Syndrome, one for patients and one for professionals. These books may provide more insight into the condition if you or someone you know is struggling: Allison, K.C., A.J. Stunkard, and S. L. Tier. 2004.  ?Overcoming the night eating syndrome: A step-by-step guide to breaking the cycle  is a self-help guide for people with NES.Lundgren, J.D., K.C., Allison, A.J. Stunkard (Eds). 2012.  Night eating syndrome: Research, assessment, and treatment. New York, Guilford. This is a comprehensive overview of NES for professionals and includes a treatment manual.   A Word From Verywell If you are experiencing symptoms consistent with night eating syndrome, you may be feeling ashamed and reluctant to find treatment. Please don’t hesitate to seek help; eating disorder professionals can help you recover.   Treatment for Sleep Eating Disorders

A Day s Wait By Ernest Hemingway - 1675 Words

Ernest Hemingway’s famous style of writing incorporates the use of the â€Å"iceberg theory,† in which the reader is given very little information and has to search deeper for the hidden meaning behind the text. Many of Hemingway’s works also seem to include themes of heroism or masculinity. In A Day’s Wait, a short story that was actually based on when Hemingway’s first child had a fever (Rettman 477), the narrator is a father whose young son has a fever of one hundred and two degrees. The boy, called Schatz in the story, had heard before from the schoolboys in France that no one can live if they if they have a temperature of forty-four degrees. Because Schatz does not know that there is a difference between the measurements of Fahrenheit and Centigrade, he believes that he is going to die. The father eventually realizes what Schatz’s thoughts are and explains to him the difference between Fahrenheit and Centigrade. Many people believe that this story is very simple- when Schatz realizes the difference between Fahrenheit and Centigrade, the climax of the story has been reached and everything is tied up nicely with a pretty bow. However, they are sadly mistaken, for there is actually more to the story that what appears to the eye. A Day’s Wait is a short story highlighting the deeper themes of heroism, masculinity, and misunderstanding. First of all, the theme of heroism is displayed throughout this short story. There is this idea of heroic fatalism or fatalistic heroism,Show MoreRelatedA Days Wait1204 Words   |  5 PagesA DAY’S WAIT LITERARY ANALYSIS Author: Ernest Hemingway, an American writer. His writing celebrates heroes and explores the nature of courage in this story. In much of his writing he dramatizes the importance of bravery in the face of death and of life’s everyday problems. This story deals with the quiet courage needed to face fear. Looking at Hemingway ´s biography we can find parallels between the story A Day ´s Wait and the author ´s real life. When Hemingway took part in World War I heRead MoreA Dim Lighted Place By Ernest Hemingway975 Words   |  4 Pages In a â€Å"Clean, Well-lighted Place,† author Ernest Hemingway uses his direct, unadorned, detail oriented imagery and a minimalist style of writing to convey the philosophical idea of existentialism. Existentialism is a way of life that means one must create their own essence but, they have no predetermined purpose (Meyers 558). This notion of existentialism was very important during Hemingway s time period. The war was shaping and shaking people s belief of God, happiness and love (Meyers 558)Read MoreEssay on Santiago as Code Hero in The Old Man and the Sea1619 Words   |  7 Pages In Ernest Hemingway’s novel, The Old Man and the Sea, Santiago demonstrates the traits of the code hero. The Hemingway’s code hero covers the principal ideals of honor, courage, and endurance in a misfortune life. Throughout the novel, Santiago shows a contrast between opposite attitudes and values which associate his behavior with the guidelines of the code. In this case, the depiction of conflicting values, such as dignity despite humility, perseverance despite despair, and victory despite defeatRead MoreBiography of Ernest Hemingway Essay1257 Words   |  6 Pagesyou went in there you’d probably detach one of them from the herd, and he’d be dangerous (Hemingway).† This quote, from Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises, was one of his many pieces of work that helped light the way for new authors. Hemingway believed that minimal details created a better story, leaving mysteries for readers to solve on their own. Hemingway described his style as the Iceberg Theory. Hemingway deserves to be in the literary canon because he is a master of diction, his stories are uniqueRead MoreEssay Ernest Hemingways The Old Man and the Sea1381 Words   |  6 PagesErnest Hemingways The Old Man and the Sea The Old Man and the Sea was written by Ernest Hemingway and published in 1952. This is a captivating fiction story about a man named Santiago and his adventure when one day, he goes on a fishing journey to catch the big one. However, this adventure quickly becomes one of pain and suffering when things take a turn for the worse. The Old Man and the Sea takes in place in Havana, Cuba and the fishing waters off the coast of Havana. The Spanish names,Read MoreA Farewell Of Arms By Ernest Hemingway994 Words   |  4 PagesIn the classic novel, A Farewell to Arms by Ernest Hemingway, the reader is immediately introduced to Frederic Henry, who is both the narrator and protagonist. Use of the first person point of view draws the reader more closely into the story, allowing for the personal connection between oneself and Henry. This intimate relationship leads to an understanding, if not sympathetic, view of all his feelings. Throughout his adventures, Henry learns to overcome many different types of wounds which areRead MoreA Farewell Of Arms By Ernest Hemingway1942 Words   |  8 PagesFarewell to Arms Ernest Hemingway wrote, We re going to have a strange life. (D). His life was not ordinary by any means; he became the voice of his generation with his poignant works capturing the emotions of the American people after World War I. In his novel A Farewell to Arms Ernest Hemingway attempts to demonstrate through the characters of Frederic Henry and Rinaldi the feelings of horror and disillusionment the people of the Modern era tried to escape. Ernest Miller Hemingway was born on JulyRead MoreHills Like White Elephants1015 Words   |  5 PagesHills Like White Elephants, written by Ernest Hemingway, is a story that takes place in Spain while a man and woman wait for a train. The story is set up as a dialogue between the two, in which the man is trying to convince the woman to do something she is hesitant in doing. Through out the story, Hemingway uses metaphors to express the characters opinions and feelings. Hills Like White Elephants displays the differences in the way a man and a woman view pregnancy and abortion. The woman looksRead More Parallels Between The Sun Also Rises by Hemingway and The Great Gatsby by Fitzgerald 1064 Words   |  5 PagesParallels Between The Sun Also Rises by Hemingway and The Great Gatsby by Fitzgerald  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   During the decade of the 1920s, America was going through many changes, evolving from the Victorian Period to the Jazz Age. Changing with the times, the young adults of the 1920s were considered the Lost Generation. The Great War was over in 1918. Men who returned from the war had the scars of war imprinted in their minds. The eighteenth amendment was ratified in 1919 which prohibitedRead MoreErnest Hemingways Obsession for Violence and Death2038 Words   |  8 Pages Ernest Hemingway Ernest Hemingway was an American author and journalist. He had 45 publications. He achieved world-wide fame from his very own style of writing. He had, what some might say, an obsession for violence and death. Most know him from his internationally known book, The Old Man and the Sea. This book earned him the Pulitzer Prize and also the Nobel Prize for literature in 1953. He was a very accomplished man. (Meyers, 7) Ernest Hemingway was born in Cicero, Illinois

How The Journalism Industry As A Whole Is Being Impacted...

Research Proposal Huba Zulfiqar London Southbank University Table of Contents Research question 1 Objective of the research 1 Research Rationale 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 5 References 6 Photojournalism and its Ethical Lapses Research question How the journalism industry as a whole is being impacted by the ethical lapses of photojournalism? Objective of the research Photojournalism has been considered one of the most important pillars of the field of journalism. A picture is worth a thousand words. For this particular reason the visual representation of important events is as necessary in the modern era of journalism as the words themselves. Many of the times, the picture precedes the words and words alone are not able to fully describe the importance of any event. It therefore becomes fundamental and consequential that photojournalism is provided the equal importance as is provided to the print journalism. The particular objective of the research is to highlight such importance. As the journalism is progressing, new issues related to ethics are arising. In recent time a number of ethical issues have been identified in photojournalism. These ethical lapses have negatively influenced photojournalism, but at the same time its impact on overall field of journalism has also been extensive. The research tries to identify the actual nature of the et hical lapses in photojournalism and to what extent; the overall journalism is being impacted by such

The Presentation of Miss Havisham in Chapter 8 and in...

The Presentation of Miss Havisham in Chapter 8 and in Chapter 49 of Great Expectations by Charles Dickens In chapter 8 of Great Expectations, the author, Charles Dickens, initially presents Miss Havisham through Pips eyes as an eccentric old lady her hair was white, who lives in seclusion with her adopted daughter, Estella. She lives vicariously through Estella, all her inner thoughts and feelings are brought to life through Estella; therefore she is able to teach her to break the hearts of men. We discover that she was deserted on her wedding day, and then made it her lifes purpose to raise Estella as a cruel- hearted woman wholl break the hearts of men and seek revenge on the male population†¦show more content†¦By wilfully stopping her life at a moment of pain and humiliation, she indulges her own anger, self-pity, and desire for revenge. She imagines her death as an ultimate curse upon the man who jilted her. In her revenge, which destroys her life, she is like a child who hurts itself in its anger at someone else. Dickens uses strong imagery to describe Miss Havishams house (The Manor House) as barren of feelings or even life, The cold wind seemed to blow colder there, than outside the gate... Also the surroundings of the house is described in a gothic theme as it is unusual and gloomy, the passages were all dark, and that she had left a candle burning there. This suggests a peculiar setting and household. Miss Havisham is rich too, and deceives Pip by implying that shes his benefactor. In chapter 8, Miss Havisham is exceedingly manipulative, I stopped, fearing that I might say too much. This implies that Pip is afraid of Miss Havisham. Also, Pip indicates that he is nervous whilst talking to Miss Havisham and tries to say as little as possible in case he accidentally speaks out of turn and she does something unpleasant to him. Miss Havishams character is presented to be fairly miserable and unhappy, sure that Miss Havishams face could not smile. This is suggested to us by Pip quoting Miss Havishams

Developing and Rewarding Talent in an SME

Question: Discuss about theDeveloping and Rewarding Talent in an SME. Answer: Introduction The performance delivered by the employees can make or break an organisation and its acquired success and therefore poor performance of the employees can be detrimental to the success of the company. Therefore, it is important for the organisations to empower its employees by proving growth and development opportunity apart from providing are the training and resources necessary for performing the required job. Career growth and advancement are one the key element for achieving employee satisfaction and employee retention apart from being a powerful motivator. In this essay, the researcher has analysed the case of Myriad engineering and their approach towards talent management. Recommendations will also be proposed based on the analysis. Issues in Working with People Effective Talent Management Collings and Mellahi (2009) pointed out that talent management involves, recruitment, leadership development, succession planning and branding of HRM apart from development and managing the progression of the employees through various positions within the organisation. As it has been identified in the case study, the organisation had to focus on key talent development due to the identification of possible positions. The case study indicated that Myriad is in need for the development of key talents that would be capable of justifying the available positions and job roles in the organisation and contribute towards the growth and development of the individuals and the company altogether. The study has pointed out that Myriad has relied on the internal sources rather than the external labour market for development the key talent for filling in the potential vacant position. This is one of the best strategies that have been adopted by the company as it will potentially lead to success in the long term. The internal development approach allows enhancing the knowledge and skills inside the firm and adding to the competitive advantage of the company. Fair Opportunity for Skills and Capability Development The study pointed out to the importance of the development of the capability as being the top priority of the company and the employees are encouraged to undertake additional tertiary tasks for skills. One of the most prominent methods used by the company has been the fast tracking of the potential talent to develop a strong talent pipeline and develop employees for leadership positions. Various methods were used by the company as part of the fast-tracking programs in the organisation. An example of this fast-tracking program has been personally experienced by my friends in their time working in a highly reputed information technology company in India. The company recognised the potential for development and enhancement of skills in him and thereby offered to fund some of the additional certification courses that will add to the profile of my friend. From a management perspective, these fast track programs are the employee development programs that are initiated by the companies. Con sidering the work of Jehanzeb and Bashir (2013), the development and fast track programs focus on the employees who have a higher potential. In every business sector, the success and accomplishment of any organisation will depend on its employees. It is important for the organisations to have employees who are capable of adjusting to the continuously changing business environment. These programs allow the employees to be more productive (Sparrow and Makram, 2015). Effective Performance Measurement and Review A performance review is a tool for identification of key talent. According to Levy and Williams (2004), performance appraisal is one of the most important a parts of the HR strategy that is focused on the identification of the key talents and the scope for improvement in the performance of the employees. Seniwoliba (2014) pointed out that people have differences in their skills and abilities. Performance appraisal and review is vital for understanding the abilities of each of the employees, their competencies and their relative worth and merit of the organisation. Performance appraisal in the case of Myriad would have allowed the management to choose the key talent based on their performance and related skills. This is primarily important because the efforts and performance delivered by the employees determine the success as well as the survival of an organisation. However, on the contrary, the company despite focused on developing the key talents for the potential job opportunity failed to involve and communicate with all the employees. They did not conduct any performance management and review to identify the best potential staff, but based on the display of leadership skills to choose three of the potential candidates for the fast-tracking programs. Though the company was able to meet the ethical requirement set by the partners, they failed to meet the ethics of the organisation and the values on which the organisation has been built. Rather than focusing on the display of leadership, the company could have utilised the performance review and appraisal system to identify the key employees who are worthy of being part of the fast-tracking programs. From what I have experienced and learnt from other people is that performance appraisal is often limited as a tool used for basic review of the performance to determine the compensation and reward that should be awarded to the employees. Companies, especially in the developing countries often rely on performance appraisal for the same, however, companies like IBM, Microsoft have used this system as a platform not only rewarding for the employees but also to determine their potential growth and promotion. Overt and Covert Overt and covert forms are often used as discrimination among the employees. The case study of Myriad has clearly pointed out to the overt selection of the employees for career advancement and this lead to chaos and dissatisfaction among the rest of the employees. Can this be considered as the new face of employee discrimination? Overt selection for any promotion or career advancement has been based on the education, formal qualification, as well as the technical skills of the employees where the covert selection is purely based on favouritism which has been evident in the case of Myriad engineering (Cloke Goldsmith, 2007). Kondalkar (2013) in his work cited the work of Richard Hodgetts and pointed out to the factors that reflect the potential pattern of selection of the employees in the organisation. The presence of hierarchy, specific goals of the organisation, available financial resources, skills and abilities of the employees, performance standard adopted by the organisation an d the efficiency of the performance measurement indicate the overt organisational climate. On the other hand, prevalent values, attitude and norms of the organisation, personal feeling and interaction with the individual and satisfaction indicate the scope of covert climate. In the case of Myriad, the actions of the top management have raised concern over the fair assessment opportunity provided to the employees. Maintaining Motivated Employees Despite Myriad being able to provide the security needs, the social needs and the physiological needs of the employees, it failed to meet the self-esteem needs of the employees with the display of nepotism. As evident from the case study, the current organisational culture has led to the de-motivation among the staff. Kaur (2013) says motivational factors play an important role in increasing the job satisfaction among the employees and this has a direct impact on the improving the organisational performance. Higher productivity is the long term benefits that are acquired by the organisation from the employee motivation. Abraham Maslow's hierarchy theory highlights the five types of needs that are required to be activated in a hierarchical manner and this leads to the constant increase in the employee motivation. According to the theory, the organisation should be able to identify where the employees stand on the pyramids and determine the factor that will motivate the employees. Considering the case study and comparing the same with the need theory, it can be ascertained that the organisation has been able to meet the Physiological needs of the employees which are the most basic. This includes basic needs for food, air, water and shelter. Being a successful organisation, Myriad has been able to pay salaries to the employees that ensure that they are able to afford basic living conditions. They have provided a secure working environment away from any external harm or threat indicating the safety needs. The employees in the organisation feel loved and accepted by the co-workers which allow them to mee t the social needs. However, with the recent selection of key talent has raised concerns over the safety needs of the employees as they have developed a sense of fear and lack of self-respect. They feel the organisation has failed to acknowledge their achievements. Promoting Teamwork There has been a lack of trust and cohesion in the team and the same has been highlighted by the project managers as well. Lack of trust and cohesion clearly indicates the growing dissatisfaction among the employees. The motivation theory is more indicative of the behavioural responses of the employees considering the prevalent organisation culture. Sachau (2007) pointed out that Herzbergs Two Factor Theory has always been used for measuring the job satisfaction of the employees in an organisation; it comprises of Hygiene factors and the motivators. The hygiene factors included the policy of the company and its administration, salary, working condition, status, security and supervision. Motivators include the opportunity provided for promotion and career advancement, achievement, responsibility, recognition, the value of work. As it is evident from the case study, the employees of Myriad are affected by both these factors. While the company has adopted the fast-tracking programs, it failed to consider all the employees who could be eligible for the promotion. It has raised concerns in the minds of the employees. This led to the employees questioning all the factors which constitute the motivators. They are feeling a lack of recognition and value in the organisation. An organisations success and diversity rely on the ability of the organisation to embrace diversity and the importance of working with people. In addition, the approach of the management and the action taken by the CEO has affected the teamwork spirit in the organisation. The environment of organisation points towards growing instability and these points to the need of having a greater reliance on the teams and highly skilled employees being part of this team. For an organisation to be able to deliver higher performance and achieve its objectives, it requires the team and the team members to work effectively together through the knowledge and skills they possess apart from monitoring each other's performance (Baker, Day and Salas, 2006). The case study has pointed out to the rising conflicts among the team members considering the decision taken by the management. These conflicts have erupted due to the management failing to meet the expectation of the employees in terms of career opp ortunity. Vroom's expectancy theory holds a very important place in the motivation of the employees; it only influences the manner an individual work in a team. According to this theory, the individual behaviour displayed by the people is as a result of the conscious choices they make among the alternatives which are intended to enhance their worth and minimise their pain. In addition, this theory indicates that the performance of an employee relies on their skills, knowledge, experience and abilities (Van Eerde and Thierry, 1996). However, in the case of Myriad despite delivering higher performance for a long time, the company failed to acknowledge the same and this has increased their pain and reduced their value in the organisation. While there is evidence indicating a growing number of people unhappy with the decision of the management, including the people who were chosen as part of the key talent, there are many who remained unaffected. This clearly indicates the choice of beh aviour that is preferred by these individuals and their perception of meeting their needs (need theory). While some individual attains satisfaction by meeting the three basic needs of life, others work towards achieving self-esteem and actualization. The Best Methods to Communicate Opportunity and Rewards to Employees Individual face to face communication- This is one the most common method that can be used by Myriad, however, this requires quality and accuracy of the information that is being passed to the team members (Armstrong, 2012). Intranet- They can rely on the internal email system, also called as the intranet to communicate the opportunity as well as potential reward available to the employees. This is an effective method for all the employees have access to a computer (Armstrong, 2012). Internal job posting- This provides all the employees with the information pertaining to career growth opportunity. This can be carried out through emails as well as posting information on the notice board and company web site. Company website- Since all the employees has access to the organisations website which provides the details of a companys financial performance and the potential job opening in the organisation. The company is recommended to add an additional tab for rewards to reach out to all the employees. Internal corporate magazine- This is one of the effective means of communicating potential opportunities with the employees. Magazines are a growing part of the social life and can be used for not only appreciating the performance of the employees, but also highlighting the potential rewards earned by the employees (Turner, 2003). Informal communication- This type of communication can occur at all the levels and work areas in the organisation. It does not require individuals involved to follow any structure or guidelines and can flow in any direction. Training sessions or meeting- This is one of the most widely used methods by organisation to communicate any potential opportunity or changes in the rewards with the employees. This promotes two way communications between the speaker/ management and the employees. Performance appraisal reviews- This is not only a tool to assess the performance of the employees, but a platform that allows the management to convey potential career opportunity and rewards to the employees. This is highly effective as the performance is the base of reward and promotion. Emails- this allows the management to convey the details of any reward and opportunity in real time. Being one of the fastest means of communication it has been accepted as the first electronic communication medium in the organisation. Individual Dissatisfaction People, who tend to develop the feeling that their value does not mesh with the organisation's experience, tend to show dissatisfaction and eventually leave the company as seen in the case of some of the Myriad employees (Nelson and Quick, 2009). Considering the employees who are potentially disaffected by the decision of the management clearly indicates a lack of interest from the employees end. It indicates that this group of Myriad employees are not interested in the developments in the company and therefore choose to perform their jobs for probably meeting the basic necessities. This group of employees needs to be encouraged to understand the importance of career choices and opportunities available to the organisation. They need to realise the importance of being part of the decision-making in the organisation. The climate of the Myriad Engineering has clearly pointed out to the growing dissatisfaction among the individuals. Individual dissatisfaction can lead to employee grievances which, if not resolved in the correct time can lead to unsatisfactory work, performance and behaviour, apart from adding to the adverse consequences in the competitive position of the company. Myriad employees have been overtly expressing their dissatisfaction due to the unfair decision taken by the CEO. Individual dissatisfaction leads to higher employee frustrations, low morale, deteriorating interpersonal relationship, lack of employee goodwill and loss of good staff members as evident in the case of the people in Myriad engineering (Gennard and Judge, 2005). Conclusion Myriad has been able to identify their growth objectives and the same has been conveyed to the employees as well, however, the management has failed to involve employees in some of the important aspects of the business that can have an adverse impact on the employees as well as organisational performance. Suresh (2011) in his work pointed out those human resources department needs to adopt a system that is driven by the moral principles, which identified what is right and what is wrong, and the motives and consequences behind the action of the department and the management. In an organisation, the management should be able to identify which is the desirable behaviour and how they use the ethical values to channelize the individual energy for the benefit of the organisation. In the case study, it is evident that the CEO took an unethical step of choosing the key talents despite having a pool of talented employees and in addition failed to communicate the need and reasons for making ce rtain selections leading to chaos in the business. Buckley et al., (2001) pointed out that organisations are required to take a more ethical approach towards doing business. Ethics can indicate the moral judgment and the standard of the conduct in the organisation. It guides the behaviour of the individuals in the organisation. Employees need to develop the perception of justice in the selection system of the organisation. The employees tend to have a more positive attitude towards the organisational and it's selection procedures if they perceive the same to be fair and valid. Employees need to be provided with the opportunity for being selected and despite being rejected, they should have the sense and perception of being treated fairly. This has been an error in the case of Myriad wherein the employees found the selection of the key talents as unethical and unjust. References Armstrong, M. (2012).Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice, 12th edition. London, U.K.: Kogan Page. Baker, D., Day, R. and Salas, E. (2006). Teamwork as an Essential Component of High-Reliability Organizations.Health Serv Res, 41(4p2), pp.1576-1598. Buckley, M., Beu, D., Frink, D., Howard, J., Berkson, H., Mobbs, T. and Ferris, G. (2001). Ethical issues in human resources systems.Human Resource Management Review, 11(1-2), pp.11-29. Cloke, K. and Goldsmith, J. 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Mason, OH, USA: South-Western Cengage Learning. Sachau, D. (2007). Resurrecting the Motivation-Hygiene Theory: Herzberg and the Positive Psychology Movement.Human Resource Development Review, 6(4), pp.377-393. Seniwoliba, J. (2014).Assessing the performance appraisal concept of the local government service in Ghana. [online] African Journal of Business Management. Available at: https://www.academicjournals.org/journal/AJBM/article-full-text-pdf/1FB96A646584 [Accessed 27 Sep. 2016]. Sparrow, P. and Makram, H. (2015). What is the value of talent management? Building value-driven processes within a talent management architecture.Human Resource Management Review, 25(3), pp.249-263. Suresh, S. (2011). Ethical Issues in Human Resource Management.Management and Labour Studies, 36(4), pp.367-370. Turner, P. (2003).Organisational communication. London: Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development. Van Eerde, W. and Thierry, H. (1996). Vroom's expectancy models and work-related criteria: A meta-analysis.Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(5), pp.575-586. Zaleznik, A. (1970).Power and Politics in Organizational Life. [online] Harvard Business Review. Available at: https://hbr.org/1970/05/power-and-politics-in-organizational-life [Accessed 27 Sep. 2016].